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final consonants patchim

# Posted: 13 Dec 2006 00:22 KST - Edited by: _joseph_
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this topic`s first part is a translation of the official korean government`s language site http://www.korean.go.kr/06_new/rule/rule03_03_01.j sp

1. if there is no final 받침 on a prior part, and a first consonant on the second part (i.e. there is a vowel 모음 at the end of the first character and the second begins with a 자음 consonant) then the first consonant of the second part is doubled:
This is called 된소리

First, the examples from http://www.korean.go.kr/06_new/rule/rule03_03_01.j sp

소쩍새 a Chinese scops owl
어깨 shoulder(s)
오빠 older brother/older male friend to a woman / my local bar
으뜸 top, head, the first
아끼다 be frugal, stingy
기쁘다 to be happy
깨끗하다 to be clean,shiny
어떠하다 to be how
해쓱하다
가끔 sometimes (가금 : (家禽) domestic poultry)
거꾸로 backwards, in a reverse fashion
부썩 stubbornly
어찌
이따금 from time to time

Next, an example from the galbijim forums

the first consonant of the second part is usually tensed; thus 길가 (길 + 가) is pronounced 길까, 눈동자 (눈 + 동자) is pronounced 눈똥자, and so on. When the first part of the compound ends in a vowel, the dummy ㅅ is frequently seen to make explicit the tensing of the consonant; thus, 이사 + 짐, which is pronounced 이사찜, is written as 이삿짐, and 고추 + 가루, which is pronounced 고추까루, is written as 고춧가루, and so on.

2. following a ㄴ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅇ 받침 the first consonant of the second part is doubled (this doubling is called 된소리)

산뜻하다 to be clean, fresh, crisp
잔뜩 to be full; (2) extremely
살짝 (1) effortlessly, easily (2) softly, gently
훨씬 very very much
담뿍 to the brim, a great deal
움찔
몽땅
엉뚱하다

NOTE: following a ㄱ, ㅂ 받침 there is no doubling (no 된소리)

국수 깍두기 딱지 색시
싹둑(-싹둑) 법석 갑자기 몹시

NOTE: same sounds which appear twice are 된소리

쩔쩔매다, 꼼꼼하다

NOTE: similar sounds are doubled

찝찔하다, 떨떠름하다

3. 체언과 조사를 구별하여... we need to keep separate all the partcles and the root stems which precede them, they do not mix....
www.korean.go.kr

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