# Posted: 11 Dec 2006 22:49 KST - Edited by: jcs
... Re-Sideview ...
There are a few ways in Korean to make a gerund.
I am convinced Korean just loves nouns, so pay attention here.
I have spotted 7 altogether. The first 4 are the big ones.
Well, here are the textbook gerunds in detail.
add 이 to the stem
Subtract from the verb 다 and add 이
examples from the korean government source:
길다 to be long -> 길이
length
깊다 to be deep -> 깊이
depth
높다 to be high -> 높이
height
다듬다 -> 다듬이
땀받다 -> 땀받이
달맞다 -> 달맞이
먹다 -> 먹이 food
미닫이
벌다 to earn -> 벌이
벼훑이
살다 to live -> 살림살이
to make/eake out a living
쇠붙이
add 음 to the stem
자신과의 끈임없는 싸움
싸우다 --- 싸움.
add ㅁ/음 to the ending of the verb it can become a noun
In colloquial speech, this is often used as just another ending.
I have found no difference in Korean native speaker's understanding of saying either 있다 compared to 있음. I have in fact in the past spent days walking around saying all my sentences like 연필이 있음 and 나는 지금 돈이 없음 and 나는 지금 행복해 하고 있음, just to make sentences which sound really funny to me, but they are perfectly comprehensible to every korean, I think my only fault was over-use of the 음 ending!
It just seems so flat and emotionless to me, so I pick on this one especially.
있다 -> 있음
없다 -> 없음
되다 -> 되므로
줄기다 -> 줄거음 (fun)
조그만 가게임을 부끄러워하지 말라. Don't be ashamed of your small store. From 가게이다 -> 가게임.
more examples of this are on kkoma's site for learning korean @ msn
add 는것이/ 는데 to the stem
는것이 == 는 게 and 는데 are also very common (especially in colloquial Korean) ways to make a gerund. This form is made the same way as making a verb into an adjective: removing 다 and replacing it with 는 + modified noun. To make a gerund, the modified noun is 게 or 것이 (thing).
굽다 -> 굽는 것에는
굽는데
an old woman said 이처럼 아프고 하루가 괴로운데 아이고 싫다
(so bad , it hurts, all day long it pains me ... oh, i hate it.)
This is really the same in English.
What I want to do is go to the movies
What I want to do is a noun phrase, and the subject. The ending 는 것이 is like putting what at the beginning. That's not the same as a gerund, but a noun phrase is just another similar use for the 데/게 form so I'm mentioning it here.
Adding 것이 or 데 is very, very useful!
You know, because, sentences (translated into Korean) of the form
Going to the park sounds good
Seeing him was not a bad thing.
Doing your homework is much better
watching the movie was a good idea.
are much more common in Korean, and they all are made using the above form.
Therefore, it is very useful in conversation!!
In the following examples, 것이 has been rewritten as 게 ; they are identical.
공원가는 게 좋을 것 같아요. Going to the park sounds good
그를 만나는 게 좋은 것이 아니었어. Seeing him was not a bad thing
숙제하는 게 낫겠어. doing your homework is better
영화보는 게 좋은 생각이었거든. Giong to see a movie was a good idea
사는게 참 힘들다...... Living is very difficult/painful......
웹 기반 게임을 활용한 어휘지도가 어휘력 향상에 어떠한 영향을 미치  는지 살펴보는데  목적을 두었다 .... we have become interested (in how the use of web games in the English classroom) =--> what effect that has on LEARNING words.
폭포와 같은 것이라고 느낀다 to feel that it is comparable to a waterfall.
add 기 to the stem
Finally, there is also the ending 기.... we take a verb like 하다 and it becomes 하기 and VOILA we have a noun!
먹기 좋다 good/convenient/easy to do
보기가 좋다
살기 좋다
숨기에 좋다
팔기에 좋다
발견하기가 어렵다 to be difficult to find
another example:
한국말을 배웁니다 I learn Korean.
배우기가 재미있습니다. To learn is fun.
세계 어디든 돈벌기는 힘든가 봅니다
earning money is hard anywhere in the world
more examples of 기 gerunds are on kkoma's site for learning korean @ msn and another good example is http://learnkorean.blogsome.com/2007/05/13/p48/
add the 어/아 form to an irregular verb...
무덥다 -> 무더위 (sultry, sweating hot)
덥다 ---> 더위 (heat)
는 마당에
안 가려고 하는 마당에, 나는 군에 가고 싶어도 병들어 가지 못하게 된 것이었다.
because they had told me I could not go
Here's a quote from a grammar site on the differences between how Korean makes its gerunds:
음/ㅁ 주로 문어체 문장에서 많이 쓴다. ‘기’가 행동적이고 외면적인 데 비하여 ‘-(으)ㅁ’은 사실적이고 관념적이며, 내면적이다. 따라서 동사도 진행성이 안닌 지시형인 것이 많다. 이것을 구어체에서 ‘-는 것’으로 바꾸어 쓸 수 있다.
TRANSLATION: ㅁ/음 is used in writing mainly. 기 has to do with action and external stuff. On the other hand, -(으)ㅁ is descriptive mainly, objective, and internal-looking (?).It is used a lot with descriptive verbs. It is used in spoken speech is the 는것 ending.
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